A bit weird to lump them all in together so I'll talk to them separately.
Climate change: as I said, economically the imperative is for decarbonisation in most sectors. That will happen, so protesting individual coal mines or whatever isn't really the main game. The main game is working out how to cope with the inevitable consequences of 2.5 degree warming. The sooner the world switches to that, the more chance we have of minimising the fallout.
Homophobia: it's done, social attitudes are basically fixed across the western world (except in the US but that's an outlier). Representation in popular culture is huge. There's no votes in gay bashing. Outliers like AFL footy and whatever will gradually fix themselves because that's the momentum from society around them, even if they hold out for a while.
Women's rights: mostly fixed from an attitudes point of view and there's minimal votes across the western world in the reactionary stuff these days (except in the US - eg Trump, Roe vs Wade - but again that's an outlier). Representation across high-powered positions is gradually working itself out as the old conservatives die. The bits that aren't fixed are fundamental and economic and that's going to take a lot longer. "Equal pay" isn't as simple a slogan as it was years ago because we can now clearly see that having a baby comes with a built in career slowdown, and it's not clear how that can be fixed in this economic system.
Racism: much more complicated than everything else on the list because it's so fundamentally and institutionally baked into capitalism. Capitalism needs a big pool of low paid workers - ideally unemployed or stored in the military and prisons until needed - and because of the western world's history of white supremacy that's historically bipoc people. This creates racism especially from working-class whites because they're competing for the same work opportunities as poor bipoc and xenophobia rises naturally from that - especially when educational standards are lower in these communities. The fix needs either a) a huge amount of effort to continue around reducing and minimising inequality; or b) destroying capitalism. Much harder either way. Also less of a thing in Australia than most other western countries.
So my original point stands. People - and political parties like the Greens - who have formed their identities around particular progressive causes being a particular way aren't good at seeing the situations for what they are now and adapting to them, which is what would get maximum effectiveness for the world.
